The goal of periodontal therapy is to regenerate the loss of periodontal attachment appratus. Current theories suggest the cells of the periodontium have the capacity, when appropriately triggered, to actively participate in restoring connective tissues, including mineralized tissues.
This study was performed to define the hard tissue regeneration effect of periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in nitro and the effect of rate of the composition in gingival fibroblasts (GF) on the hard tissue regeneration capacity of PDI_ cells. For this study, Cell growth rate, alkaline phosphatase(ALPase) levels and the ability to produce mineralized nodules in co-culture of PDL cells and GF were examined.
The results were as follows ;
1. At 7 and 15 days, cell growth of co-culture of PDL and GF (50 : 50) was greater than that of PDL cells or GF alone(P<0.05).
2. Measurements of ALPase levels indicated that PDL cells had significantly higher activity when compared with that of co-culture groups and GF only(P<0.05). And, ALPase activity in 10 days was higher than that of 7 days(P<0.05).
3. The tendency of formation of the mineralized nodule were observed dose-depend pattern of PDL cells. There was statistically significant difference among group 1(PDL 100%), 2(PDL 70% GF 30%), and 3(PDL 50% = GF 50%)(P<0.01). But, there was no difference among group 3, 4(PDL 30% : GF 70%), and 5(GF 100%).
4. Also, the number of nodule was greater in co-culture of PDL 70% and GF 30% than in culture of PDL 70%(P<0.05).
From the above results, it is assumed that the co-culture of PDL cells and GF stimulates the cell growth, which is not that of PDL cells but GF. And, the activity of ALPase depends on the ratio of PDL cells, and ALPase may relate to the initial phase of nodule formation. Also, it is thought that the calcified nodule formation principally depends on PDL cells, is inhibited by GF, and affected by cell density.
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